Patent examiners are persons with technical training and with experience in comparing the claims of patent applications with the documents of the state of the art. The patent examiner reads the claims submitted by the applicant as broad as possible and then searches for art which falls into the broad scope. Then the examiner identifies the claim elements of the applicant with related features contained in the art applied for supporting a rejection of the application. The applicant can find flaws with the examiner's identifying of elements, can argue with the rejection and can submit narrower claims or claims which define over the art. In addition, the patent examiner is very concerned about the internal consistencies of the submitted patent claims. A no-no is for example referring to an element gramatically sometimes as a singular and sometines as a plural. The first time an element appears in a claim it is to be connected with the indefinite article "a".
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